Korean Learn (Level 3 part 11) [ㅂ irregular]

You have learned a lot about Korean verbs so far - conjugations, rules, etc. But just like manyother languages, Korean has some irregularities as well, which people started using more andmore often so they have become a fixed rule now.

Korean has much fewer verb irregularities than some other languages do, but you will encounter these irregularities everywhere as you learn and speak Korean. We would like tointroduce one of them in this lesson.

ㅂ irregular

This mean that if verbs have ㅂ at the end of their verb stems, and they are followed by a suffixthat starts with a vowel, the ㅂ part will change to 오 or 우.

If the vowel before ㅂ is 오, you change ㅂ to 오.

If the vowel before ㅂ is not 오, you change ㅂ to 우.

Example

돕다 [dop-da] = to help

= 도 + ㅂ + 다--> 도 + 오 + 아요 = 도와요

** Note that it is NOT 돕아요

어렵다 [eo-ryeop-da] = to be difficult

= 어려 + ㅂ + 다--> 어려 + 우 + 어요. = 어려워요.

[present tense] 어려워요

[past tense] 어려웠어요

[future tense] 어려울 거예요

춥다 [chup-da] = to be cold

--> 추 + 우 + 어요 = 추워요.

[present tense] 추워요

[past tense] 추웠어요

[future tense] 추울 거예요

Some other irregular words:

눕다 [nup-da] = to lie down

굽다 [gup-da] = to bake

덥다 [deop-da] = to be hot (weather)

쉽다 [swip-da] = to be easy

맵다 [meap-da] = to be spicy

귀엽다 [gwi-yeop-da] = to be cute

밉다 [mip-da] = to hate, to be dislikeable

아름답다 [a-reum-dap-da] = to be beautiful

Remember that these verbs have irregular forms ONLY WHEN the suffix coming after them start with a VOWEL. So if you have suffixes like -는 or -고, they still keep the ㅂ.

Irregularities in irregular verbs

Although the ㅂ irregular rule is applied to most verbs that have ㅂ in them, some verbs do not follow this rule.

Action verbs

- 입다 [ip-da] = to wear

- 잡다 [ jap-da] = to catch

- 씹다 [ssip-da] = to bite

Descriptive verbs

- 좁다 [ job-da] = to be narrow

- 넓다 [neolp-da] = to be wide

These words still keep their ㅂ in front of vowels.

Ex)
입다 --> 입어요 (Not 이워요)

Ex)
좁다 --> 좁아요 (Not 조아요)

Sample sentences

1. 이 문제는 어려워요.[i mun-je-neun eo-ryeo-wo-yo.]
= This problem is difficult.

2. 이거 너무 귀여워요.[i-geo neo-mu gwi-yeo-wo-yo.]
=This is so cute.

3. 서울은 겨울에 정말 추워요.[han-gu-geun gyeo-eu-re jeong-mal chu-wo-yo.]
= In Seoul, it’s really cold in winter.


Finish for this part.... see you at the next part ^_^


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